How do you balance L1 interference with keeping students engaged in English in large classes?

A discussion in Teaching English in Indonesia on the SpeakWise Indonesia teacher forum.

We've been thinking about the unique challenges we face in Indonesian classrooms, especially with large groups and the influential presence of L1 in our teaching. Balancing the need for students to feel comfortable using their native language while fostering an engaging English-speaking environment can be tricky. We’d love to hear your experiences and strategies—what has worked for you in maintaining that balance without compromising curriculum goals?